The frontal lobe: The part of the cerebrum that enables some of the senses, thinking, movement, judgement and a person's ability to write words, among other things.Cerebrum: The largest part of the brain that coordinates and enables bodily movement, sensory perception, learning, the sense of smell, the senses, memory, thinking, judgement and language and communication abilities.White matter: The substance in the central nervous system that plays a lesser role in the central nervous system's functioning than the gray and the substance that contains far fewer cells than the gray matter.Gray matter: The gray colored substance in the central nervous system that plays a higher role in the central nervous system's functioning than the white matter and the substance that contains myelinated neurons, unmyelinated neurons, glial cells, and circulatory capillaries.Brain: The major organ of the body that controls and manages virtually all physiological and emotion bodily responses.Dura mater: The outermost layer of the meninges.Arachnoid: The middle layer of the meninges.Pia mater: The innermost layer of the meninges.Meninges: The protective membrane that covers the brain and the spinal cord.Central nervous system: The part of the nervous system that consists of the brain and the spinal cord.Somatic nervous system: Controls voluntary physiological bodily functions such as voluntary muscular movements with the skeletal muscles of the body.Autonomic nervous system: Controls automatic and involuntary physiological functions of the body that are outside of our voluntary control.Afferent nerves: Nerves that send and receive sensory function related nerve signals.Efferent nerves: Nerves that send and receive motor function related nerve signals.The senses: Hearing, vision, smelling, tasting and touch.
Motor neurons or nerves: The neurons that send and transmit message that involve muscle movement.Sensory neurons or nerves: The neurons that "sense" and transmit information from the external environment.Synapse: The point at which neurons gently touch each other to send or receive a nerve impulse or message.Glial cells: A type of nervous system cell, other than a neuron, that forms myelin which is the covering or sheath over parts of the neuron.Neurons: The primary nervous system cells.Glossary of Nervous System Terms and Terminology
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